Trigonometrical Ratios of Complementary Angles: Problems and Solutions
∵ sin 23° = p
⇒ sin (90° − 67°) = p
⇒ cos 67° = p [∵ sin (90° − θ) = cos θ]
Again,
[∵ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1]⇒
∵ cos220° + cos270°
= cos220° + cos2(90° − 20°)
= cos220° + sin220° [∵ cos (90° − θ) = sin θ]
= 1 [∵ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1]
∵ tan 36° tan 54°
= tan 36° tan (90° − 36°)
= tan 36° cot 36° [∵ tan (90° − θ) = cot θ]
= 1 [∵ tan θ cot θ = 1]
L.H.S.,
∵
= sin A [∵ sin θ cosec θ = 1]
= sin (90° − B) [∵ ∠A + ∠B = 90°]
= cos B [∵ sin (90° − B) = cos B]
= R.H.S.
L.H.S.,
∵ cot (90° − A) cot A cos (90° − A) tan (90° − A)
= tan A cot A sin A cot A [∵ cot (90° − A) = tan A, cos (90° − A) = sin A and tan (90° − A) = cot A]
= 1 × sin A cot A [∵ tan θ cot θ = 1]
= [∵ ]
= cos A
= R.H.S.
L.H.S.,
∵ tan 1° tan 2° tan 3° ... tan 87° tan 88° tan 89°
There are 89 factors in total, and the middle factor is tan 45°.
= tan 1° tan 2° tan 3° ... tan 44° tan 45° tan 46° ... tan 87° tan 88° tan 89°
= tan 1° tan 2° tan 3° ... tan 44° tan 45° tan (90° − 44°) ... tan (90° − 3°) tan (90° − 2°) tan (90° − 1°)
= tan 1° tan 2° tan 3° ... tan 44° tan 45° cot 44° ... cot 3° cot 2° cot 1° [∵ tan (90° − θ) = cot θ]
= 1 [∵ tan θ cot θ = 1 and tan 45° = 1]
= R.H.S.
∵ sin 4θ = cos 5θ
⇒ sin 4θ = sin (90° − 5θ) [∵ cos θ = sin (90° − θ)]
⇒ 4θ = 90° − 5θ
⇒ 4θ + 5θ = 90°
⇒ 9θ = 90°
⇒ θ = 10°
∵ cos 1° cos 2° cos 3° ... cos 179° contains the factor cos 90°.
∵ cos 90° = 0
∴ If any factor of a product is zero, then the value of the whole product is zero.
Therefore, cos 1° cos 2° cos 3° ... cos 179° = 0.
L.H.S.,
∵ cos273° − sin217°
= cos273° − sin2(90° − 73°)
= cos273° − cos273° [∵ sin (90° − θ) = cos θ]
= 0
= R.H.S.
∵ sec θ = cosec φ
⇒ sec θ = sec (90° − φ) [∵ cosec φ = sec (90° − φ)]
⇒ θ = 90° − φ
⇒ θ + φ = 90°
∴ sin (θ + φ)
= sin 90°
= 1
Practice Problems
🔹 11. Find the value of sin222° + sin268° + cot230°.
🔹 12. If 2 cos (90° − A) − 1 = 0, show that sin 3A = 3 sin A − 4 sin3A.
🔹 13. Find the value of 3 cos 80° cosec 10° + 2 cos 59° cosec 31°.
🔹 14. Prove that tan 7° tan 23° tan 60° tan 67° tan 83° = √3.
🔹 15. Prove that .
🔹 16. Find the value of .
🔹 17. Find the value of .
🔹 18. Find the value of .
🔹 19. Find the value of .
🔹 20. Find the value of .
🔹 21. Find the value of .
🔹 22. In △ABC, prove that .
🔹 23. If ∠A + ∠B = 90°, prove that (cos A + cos B)2 = 1 + 2 cos A sin B.
🔹 24. If ∠A + ∠B = 90°, prove that .
🔹 25. If ∠A + ∠B = 90°, prove that .
🔹 26. If ∠A + ∠B = 90°, prove that .
🔹 27. If ∠A + ∠B = 90°, prove that sec2A + sec2B = sec2A sec2B.
🔹 28. Prove that cosec222° cot268° = sin222° + sin268° + cot268°.
🔹 29. If α + β = 90°, prove that .
🔹 30. If , prove that .
🔹 31. Prove that .
🔹 32. Prove that tan 1° tan 3° tan 5° ... tan 85° tan 87° tan 89° = 1.
🔹 33. Prove that .
🔹 34. If ∠A + ∠B = 90°, prove that .